HO-ED-A-01 Detector Based Apparatus for Ultrasonic Diffraction Acousto optic effect
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Detector Based Apparatus for Ultrasonic Diffraction
Acousto Optic Effect
The Ultrasonic diffraction apparatus is used to study diffraction of light by ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic sound refers to sound with a frequency greater than the human audible range (20Hz to 20 KHz). When an ultrasonic wave propagates through a medium, the molecules in that medium vibrate over very short distance in a direction parallel to the longitudinal wave. The apparatus consists of a graduated long rail and rail carriages appropriately fitted with laser head, an RF oscillator and a detector with translation stage. The ultrasonic diffraction setup uses laser as light source. As the laser beam is intense and monochromatic, we get clear higher order diffraction pattern.
The ultrasonic waves generated by the transducer travels down the medium (liquid) and gets reflected at the bottom (flat glass plate) of the cell. The incident and reflected waves interfere and a stationary / standing wave pattern is formed. The laser head is mounted using a kinematic holder. This helps to direct the laser beam through the liquid and then to the detector conveniently. The diffraction pattern is scanned using a translation stage with freedom in X axis. The velocity of ultrasonic waves in liquids can be calculated from this experiment. This instrument is designed to give accurate and best results.
Experiment:
To find the velocity of ultrasonic wave in liquids
The velocity of ultrasonic wave in a liquid,
V = ʋ ʌ
Where υ is the frequency of the crystal oscillator and Λ is the wavelength of ultrasonic wave.
We have,
Λ = n λ / Sin θ
Where n is the order of diffraction, λ is the wavelength of the laser used and θ is the angle of diffraction.
θ = tan-1 ( D / L )
D is the order length and L is the distance measured from the crystal oscillator to the detector.
To find the bulk modulus of the given liquid
The bulk modulus of the liquid,
β = ρV2
Where ρ is the density of the liquid and V is the velocity of the ultrasonic wave.
To find the compressibility of the liquid
The compressibility of a liquid is the reciprocal of bulk modulus,
K = 1 / ρV2
Where ρ is the density of the liquid and is V the velocity of the ultrasonic wave.
Specifications:
| 3 MHz crystal | |
| Dimension | 20 mm diameter x 0.7 mm thickness |
| Resonant frequency fr | 3 MHz ± 50 KHz |
| Resonant impedance Zm | ≤ 6 Ω. |
| Static capacitance Cs | 570 0pF ± 15% @ 1 kHz |
| 5 MHz crystal | |
| Dimension | 20 mm diameter x 0.4 mm thickness |
| Resonant frequency fr | 5 MHz ± 100 KHz |
| Resonant impedance Zm | ≤ 0.48 Ω. |
| Static capacitance Cs | 3800 pF ± 20% @ 60 Hz/1 V |
Features:
| Precision design |
| Diode laser is used as light source |
| 5 MHz, 3 MHz crystals |
| Corrosion free |
| High quality photo detector |
Drawings:
Related Topics:
| Interference |
| Standing waves |
| Huygens' Principle |
| Bulk modulus |
| Compressibility |
Scope of Delivery:
Test Sample
Connecting Cables
Instruction Manual