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Leybold LD Didactic

C1.3.3.1 Thermal Anomaly of Water

C1.3.3.1 Thermal Anomaly of Water

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Thermal Anomaly of Water

Water has a density anomaly: up to a temperature of 4 °C, water has a negative coefficient of expansion , i.e. it shrinks when warmed. After passing through zero at 4 °C, the coefficient of expansion becomes positive. So the density of water reaches a maximum at 4 °C.
In experiment C1.3.3.1, the density maximum of water is proven by measuring its expansion in a vessel with a riser. Starting from room temperature, the complete setup is cooled down in an ice water bath to about 1 °C under constant stirring, or after cooling in a freezer, it is warmed slowly by the ambient temperature. The level h, in a riser with a cross-sectional area A is measured as a function of the water temperature ϑ. Because the change in volume relative to the total volume V0 is small, the result obtained for density is .
Components of experiments:
1 667 505 Anomaly of water apparatus
1 666 8451 Magnetic stirrer
1 666 851 Stirring magnet, 25 mm x 6 mm diam.
1 602 725 Laboratory dish, 140 mm diam., 900 ml
1 665 009 Funnel, PP, 75 mm diam.
1 307 66 Tubing (rubber)
1 300 42 Stand rod, 47 cm, 12 mm diam.
1 608 040 Stand rod, 60 cm, 12 mm diam.
3 666 555 Universal clamp, 0...80 m
3 301 09 Bosshead S
1 301 09 Bosshead S
2 300 02 Stand base, V-shaped, small
1 531 836 Universal measuring instrument, Chemistry
1 529 676 Temperature probe, NiCr-Ni, 1.5 mm, type K
1 666 194 Protective sleeves for temperature probe, set of 5
1 665 009 Funnel, PP, 75 mm diam.
1 602 011 Beaker, Boro 3.3, 400 ml, tall
1 666 966 Spoon-ended spatula, PP, 180 mm
1 ADACB1001 Compact scale 1000 g; 0,1g
1 666 003 Pipetting ball (Peleus ball)
1 673 5700 Sodium chloride, 250 g

Additional required:permanet marker, crushed ice, ruler (30 cm)

 
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